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 หัวเรื่อง:ไม่มีชื่อไทย (ชื่ออังกฤษ : Conservation Tillage and Crop Rotation: Concomitant Systems to Incorporate Tef [Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter] Production with Sustainability in the Dryland Oromia) ผู้เขียน: Worku Burayu, Sombat Chinaowong, รังสิต สุวรรณเขตนิคม,  ดร.ธงชัย มาลา, รองศาสตราจารย์ , นางสุนันทา จันทกูล, ผู้ช่วยศาสตราจารย์ สื่อสิ่งพิมพ์:pdf AbstractThe encorpration of tef production with sustainability in field experiments was conducted in 2003 and 2004 at two locations using different tillage options as the main plot and two cropping systems as sub plots under a randomized complete block design with three replications. Significantly higher mean grain yield of 1231 kg/ha was obtained from rotation plots as compared to the grain yield obtained from continuous tef monoculture (851 kg/ha). The same trend as grain yield was observed for straw and aboveground biomass yields. The increment of soil organic matter content for no-tillage over conventional tillage were 0.30 and 0.28% at 0-15 cm and 15-30 cm soil depths, respectively. Total soil nitrogen was increased by 0.03% in no-tillage over conventional tillage. The bulk density of no tillage at 0-15 cm (1.16 g cm–3) and 15-30 cm (1.20 g cm–3) was remarkably higher than that of conventional tillage (1.09 g cm–3 and 1.10 g cm–3, respectively). Both soil organic matter and total soil nitrogen concentrations were higher for rotational cropping than monoculture. In the dryland Oromia, increasing soil organic matter is especially important, since many soils are naturally low in organic matter and high temperature leads to its rapid breakdown. Hence, the implementation of conservation tillage and crop rotation can be an effective concomitant strategy in improving soil properties and increasing yield of tef without an adverse impact on the environment. |
หัวเรื่อง:ไม่มีชื่อไทย (ชื่ออังกฤษ : Tillage System and Fertilizer Rate Effects on Sorghum Productivity in the Central Rift Valley of Oromiya, Ethiopia) ผู้เขียน:Worku Burayu, ดร.สมบัติ ชิณะวงศ์, รองศาสตราจารย์ , รังสิต สุวรรณเขตนิคม, ดร.ธงชัย มาลา, รองศาสตราจารย์, นางสุนันทา จันทกูล, ผู้ช่วยศาสตราจารย์ สื่อสิ่งพิมพ์:pdf AbstractSoil moisture and soil nutrient are the most sorghum yield limiting factors in semi-arid Oromiya. Hence, to identify appropriate crop management system for sorghum productivity, the field experiment was conducted in 2004 cropping season using factorial combination of four levels of tillage systems and four rates of fertilizer in spilt plot design at two locations. It was found that the stand count and height of sorghum varied significantly between locations, and lower stand count recorded at Wolenchity (55738 plant ha-1) than at Malkassa (61548 plant ha-1) while greater plant height was obtained at Wolenchity. Grain yield was significantly affected by location and fertilizer rate. Significantly (P?0.05) higher grain yield was obtained at Wolenchity (2381 kg ha-1) than that at Malkassa (1747 kg ha-1). Grain yield achieved at the highest fertilizer rate of 57.4-64.4 kg N-P2O5 ha-1 was significantly (P?0.01) higher than that at the current rate of 41-46 kg N-P2O5 ha-1. The highest grain yield was recorded from tie-ridge plot but varied with fertilizer rate for each location. Harvest Index (HI) followed the same pattern as the grain yield. However, significantly (P ? 0.05) higher stover and biomass yield of sorghum were obtained at Malkassa. These findings indicated that applications of fertilizer beyond 49.2-55.2 kg N-P2O5 ha-1 could give no significant yield advantage and thus, would not be economically feasible. The tie-ridge and reduced tillage tied furrow were encouraging but need further investigation to incorporate in sorghum cropping system. |
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